Each tube is enough for about 4 fl oz of strong anti-acne cream or lotion at approximately 2% concentration (2 g in 120 mL cream) and can be combined with our other actives. The powder will dissolve very quickly. Use in your favorite cream or add to our Canvas Base Cream or a Sea Kelp Bioferment base. We recommend using a lower quantity if combining with other actives.

Pantothenic acid is one of the vitamins of group B (B3), a component of coenzyme A, required in synthesis of fatty acids and sphingolipids. These components are of crucial importance for stratum corneum lipid bilayers and cell membrane integrity.

Scott, G. M. (1954) Vitamin B complex as a deterrent to skin irritation. British Journal of Cancer 8 693-7 Leung, L. H. (1995) Pantothenic acid deficiency as the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Medical Hypotheses 44(6), 490-2. Futaki, K.; Akaza, N.; Kojima, H.; Nakata, S.; Konishi, H.; Akamatsu H.; Kamide, R. (2005) The effects of vitamins on the growth and lipase activity of Propionibacterium acnes. Nippon Hifuka Gakkai Zasshi (2005), 115(12), 1805-1813. Szorady, I.; Horvath, E.; Toth, E. (1966) Antihistamine action of pantothenic acid Internationale Zeitschrift fuer Vitaminforschung , 36(2), 126-33. Lacroix, Brigitte; Didier, Elisabeth; Grenier, Jacques F. (1988) Role of pantothenic and ascorbic acid in wound healing processes: in vitro study on fibroblasts. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 58(4), 407-13. Ghircoiasiu, M.; Clichici, M.; Uray, Z. (1973) Protective effect of calcium pantothenate against the local irradiation of skin. Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales , 167(12), 1830-3.